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The LpPosition account represents a liquidity provider’s position within a specific tick range in a CLMM market. It tracks the LP balance, fee accruals, tokens owed, and farm emissions for the position.

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LpPosition

pub struct LpPosition {
    /// Link to address that owns this position
    pub owner: Pubkey,

    /// Link to market that manages the LP
    pub market: Pubkey,

    /// Last fee calculation position snapshot for PT (Q64.64 fixed-point)
    pub fee_inside_last_pt: u128,

    /// Last fee calculation position snapshot for SY (Q64.64 fixed-point)
    pub fee_inside_last_sy: u128,

    /// Track the LP balance of the user here
    pub lp_balance: u64,

    /// Unclaimed SY tokens owed to the position owner from fees
    pub tokens_owed_sy: u64,

    /// Unclaimed PT tokens owed to the position owner from fees
    pub tokens_owed_pt: u64,

    /// Lower tick index of the position's range
    pub lower_tick_idx: u32,

    /// Upper tick index of the position's range
    pub upper_tick_idx: u32,

    /// Farm emission trackers for this position
    pub farms: PersonalYieldTrackers,

    /// Share trackers for each tick in range
    pub share_trackers: PrincipalShareTrackers,

    /// Crossing split for positions that span the active tick.
    /// When active, the position is logically split into 3 segments
    /// with the crossing segment having reduced liquidity.
    pub crossing_split: CrossingSplit,
}

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PersonalYieldTrackers

Wrapper for a vector of personal yield trackers for farm emissions. 
pub struct PersonalYieldTrackers {
    /// Vector of yield trackers, one per farm emission
    pub trackers: Vec<PersonalYieldTracker>,
}

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PersonalYieldTracker

Individual tracker for interest and emissions earned by deposits. 
pub struct PersonalYieldTracker {
    /// The index is the per-share value of the SY token
    /// Note that the YT balance must be converted to the equivalent SY balance
    pub last_seen_index: Number,

    /// Staged tokens that may be withdrawn
    pub staged: u64,
}

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PrincipalShareTrackers

Wrapper for a vector of principal share trackers. 
pub struct PrincipalShareTrackers {
    /// Vector of principal shares, tracking LP shares across tick ranges
    pub trackers: Vec<PrincipalShare>,
}

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PrincipalShare

Tracker for LP shares and emissions across a specific tick range. 
pub struct PrincipalShare {
    /// Left tick index
    pub tick_idx: u32,

    /// Right tick index
    pub right_tick_idx: u32,

    /// Epoch when this share was inserted
    pub split_epoch: u64,

    /// LP share amount (Q64.64 fixed-point)
    pub lp_share: Number,

    /// Emission trackers for this share
    pub emissions: PersonalYieldTrackers,
}

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CrossingSplit

When a position spans the active tick, it is logically split into three segments (A, B, C) with separate fee and farm tracking. 
pub struct CrossingSplit {
    /// Left boundary of the crossing tick
    pub cross_left_idx: u32,

    /// Right boundary of the crossing tick
    pub cross_right_idx: u32,

    /// Actual liquidity for the crossing segment
    pub lp_balance_crossing: u64,

    /// Fee snapshots for segment A: [lower_tick, cross_left]
    pub fee_inside_last_a_pt: u128,
    pub fee_inside_last_a_sy: u128,

    /// Fee snapshots for segment B: [cross_left, cross_right] (crossing segment)
    pub fee_inside_last_b_pt: u128,
    pub fee_inside_last_b_sy: u128,

    /// Fee snapshots for segment C: [cross_right, upper_tick]
    pub fee_inside_last_c_pt: u128,
    pub fee_inside_last_c_sy: u128,

    /// Farm trackers for each segment
    pub farms_a: PersonalYieldTrackers,
    pub farms_b: PersonalYieldTrackers,
    pub farms_c: PersonalYieldTrackers,
}

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Key Concepts

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Tick Range

Each LP position is defined by a lower and upper tick index (lower_tick_idx and upper_tick_idx). The position only earns fees and provides liquidity when the market’s current price falls within this range.

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Fee Accrual Tracking

The fields fee_inside_last_pt and fee_inside_last_sy use Q64.64 fixed-point arithmetic to track the cumulative fees per unit of liquidity at the last time the position was updated. This allows for precise calculation of fees owed to the position. When fees are calculated:
  1. The current fee-per-liquidity values are fetched from the market
  2. The difference between current and last-seen values is computed
  3. This difference is multiplied by the position’s lp_balance to determine fees owed
  4. Fees are added to tokens_owed_sy and tokens_owed_pt

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Tokens Owed

The tokens_owed_sy and tokens_owed_pt fields accumulate fees earned by the position. These tokens can be claimed by the position owner through a withdrawal instruction. The tokens remain tracked here until explicitly claimed.

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Farm Emissions

The farms field tracks farm emission rewards that the position has earned. Each PersonalYieldTracker in the vector corresponds to a different emission token, tracking the last-seen index and tokens owed for that specific reward.

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Position Lifecycle

  1. Creation — A position is created when an LP adds liquidity to a market within a specific tick range
  2. Active — While the position has lp_balance > 0, it earns fees when the market price is within range
  3. Fee Accrual — Fees accumulate in tokens_owed_* fields and can be claimed at any time
  4. Liquidity Adjustment — The LP can add or remove liquidity, updating lp_balance
  5. Closure — When lp_balance reaches 0 and all tokens owed are claimed, the position can be closed

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Share Trackers

The share_trackers field maintains a PrincipalShare entry per tick interval in the position’s range. Each tick interval tracks the principal amounts of PT and SY deposited by LPs, along with a share supply for proportional emission distribution. When a new tick is inserted within an existing range, principals are split proportionally between the old and new intervals using the spot prices of the bounding ticks. The split_epoch counter tracks when the last split occurred so positions can correctly account for historical splits.